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Celluloid Dolls and Doll Marks 1869-1960s

Celluloid dolls are made from cellulose nitrate, alcohol, fillers & camphor pigments.  Celluloid dolls were made in: Bavaria, England, France, Japan, Germany, Italy (dolls from Germany were sent to Italy for the face to be painted), Poland, Spain and the USA.  

Early dolls had a celluloid head and limbs or partial limbs with a cloth stuffed body, this celluloid material is rather fragile.  About 1908 the material improved and the dolls were then made entirely of celluloid, and were now more durable.  

In the 1940s the USA outlawed the use of celluloid for dolls, as the material can be flammable if exposed to high heat or open flame, however, other countries continued to use the material long after the 1940s.  Also, the celluloid material deteriorates when exposed to moisture.

Here are some manufacturers of celluloid dolls, doll heads and doll markings that we have found:

1920-1940's American (USA) - Indian head marking, doll maker unknown.

1913-1921 Anel & Fraisse (FRA), after 1921 Anel & Fils, made celluloid babies, character dolls and children

1950s + Anili (Italy) doll mark a circle with Anili, a heart symbol, Italy.

1912-1930 Arcy Toy Manufacturing (USA), made bisque, celluloid and composition dolls

1918-1934 Arnold, J M (GER), made celluloid and rubber dolls with molded painted hair and facial features

1913-1965 Averill (USA) - various markings, Sunny Girl and Boy, celluloid with the turtle marking

1871-1919 Bähr & Pröschild, (GER) Buporit marking, bought by Bruno Schmidt in the 1930's - doll mark BSW in a heart + others.

1921-1930s Bauer & Richter, Inc. (GER) made porcelain and celluloid babies, markings unknown

1897-1927 Bayerische Celluloid Warenfabrik, (GER) made celluloid child & character dolls, doll mark W

1902-1927 Best & Company (USA), made dolls of glass, wood, composition, metal & celluloid, trade name Snuggles

1888-1930's Buschow & Beck (GER) doll markings Minerva with a helmet, Doll with a metal head

1896-1929 Buschow, Wilhelm, (GER) factory and doll manufacturer, made rubber and celluloid dolls

1906-1930 Canzler, & Hofffman (GER), Caho trade name, stuffed leather and celluloid dolls

1923-1960s + Cellba Celluloid Warenfabrik, (Schoberl & Becker), (GER) - a winged mermaid marking

1948-1960s Dittmann, Erich (GER), doll mark EDI Puppen, made small celluloid dolls

1887-1930 Erhard, Stephen, also S. Erhard & Son (ENG), celluloid dolls, doll mark diamond with S.E.S, S E & S.

1918-1920 Exeloid Co. (USA) made lightweight celluloid dolls of Pyralin developed by Dupont 

1858-1914 Fabricus Toy & Novelty (USA), jobber, sold celluloid dolls from various mfgs.

1911-1913 Foulds & Freure (USA), jobber, sold German and Japan celluloid dolls

1913 + Covert, G & Co (FRA), made celluloid dolls, a windmill + Covert

1901-1930s Gans, Otto (GER), made bisque and celluloid dolls, doll marking: OG, OGA 

1760-present Hambley Brothers (ENG) import, exporter of celluloid & other dolls, marked: Fums Up, Thumbs Up

1889-1930 Hartmann, Carl (GER) exported small bisque and celluloid dolls, mark CH, GlobeBaby

1925-1927 Hermsdorfer (GER), made celluloid baby and child dolls, doll markings beetle, DADA.

1918-1930 Hess, Theodore & Co. (GER) made all celluloid jointed dolls.

1918-1930 Heumann, Carl (GER) made celluloid baby w/bottle and suck a thumb dolls.

1892-1925 Hoffmeister, Carl (GER) made celluloid dolls, celluloid heads from Rheinische Gummi (turtle mark), metal heads from Buschow & Beck (Minerva metal head mark).

1941-1956 Hollywood (USA) made small celluloid dolls, doll mark a star with Hollywood across it.

1900-1925+ Hunaeus, Dr. Paul (GER) made celluloid doll heads and dolls, doll mark PH intertwined, Igodi.

1926 + Irwin (USA) made celluloid dolls, doll marking Irwin Made in USA 

Japan clover marking

 

Japan Co. (unknown)  - made celluloid dolls, marking:  3 leaf clover / Made in Japan, origami of a bird / Made in Japan, a butterfly, Made in Occupied Japan, various symbols ie. fleur-de-lis , Japan Royal,  three acorn leaves, Made in Japan or Japanese character markings, Made in Japan, K + Nippon (this last one would be by Nippon).     

     

1885-1932 Kammer & Reinhardt (GER) - K star R, K & R W, doll molds 301, 406, 700, 701, 717, 728, + others

1930 Katagini Brothers (USA) - made celluloid dolls

1805-1938 Kestner, JD (GER) - JDK turtle marking + many more markings, made celluloid & bisque dolls

1925 Knickerbocker Dolls & Toys (USA) - made some celluloid dolls + other material type dolls

1902-1926 Kohl & Wengenroth (GER) - made celluloid dolls, doll mark IGODI (for Johannes Dietrich dolls), KW + a female figure symbol 

1911-1935 Konig (Köenig) & Wernicke (GER) - made bisque & celluloid dolls, doll mark K & WW 29815 or 29817, inside a circle + turtle mark below

1910-present Kruse, Kathe (GER) - Schultz KK mark (1st K is backward), made cloth dolls first, later of celluloid

1921 Langfelder, Homma & Hayward, (USA) took over for Morimura - importer of bisque, celluloid dolls from Germany & Japan, as well as a distributor of composition and rubber dolls in the USA

1936-1940s + Le Minor Dolls (FRA) used celluloid heads made by Petitcolin

1894-1938 Libermann, Ernst (GER) made bisque and celluloid heads on a jointed body, doll mark EL, ELI

1927 Lona Art Dolls (GER), used Rheinische Gummi celluloid heads on August Schmidt cloth bodies, doll marks Lona, D.R.P., the turtle marking on head

1868-1938 Luthardt, Ernest EG.M (GER), a factory & exporter of celluloid heads & bodies, trade mark Luta 1929

1917-1928 Maar, E. & Sohn (GER) made celluloid dolls, doll marks EMASO, M, three (3) MMM

1911-1930s Maaser, Robert (GER), made bisque, composition and celluloid heads on a jointed body

1918-1930s Marks Brothers (Boston, USA), has name in marking, importers of bisque & celluloid dolls 

1894-1921 Meyer, Carl (GER), made bisque, celluloid character dolls and babies

1915-1928 Möller, August & Sohn (GER), made replacement bisque & celluloid heads for child & baby, doll mark AMUSO

1950s-1960s Molls Doll Co, (GER) made Trachten-Puppen (costume dolls) in celluloid, doll mark a symbol of two Scottie dogs playing tug of war.

1900-1930s Muller, Wilhelm G. (GER) exported celluloid heads made by Schildkröt, doll mark WEEGEM, WGM

1930-1950s N.A.T.L. - Novedad Arte Tomalidad Ingenio, (Spain), made art & souvenir dolls of celluloid

1919-1968 Palitoy Cascelluloid Co (ENG), made composition, celluloid & hard plastic dolls

1910-1919 Parsons Jackson Co. (Ohio, USA) - made celluloid dolls, modeled after real babies both white and black dolls,

doll mark a stork symbol.

1925-1928 Paturel, J. Et Cie (FRA), made celluloid child and baby dolls in both white and black.

1772-1927 Payne, W. & Son (ENG) a department store that imported dolls from France, after WW II they produced some of their own dolls in celluloid.

1919-1930s Pensky, Alfred (Bavaria), factory that made miniature bisque, celluloid & china dolls, doll mark Pehalo Hannalore.

1916-1922 Perls, Charles Mfg. Co. (ENG), made celluloid and composition dolls

1886-1930s Petitcollin (FRA) - made celluloid doll heads, Marie-France, doll mark an eagle with FRANCE beneath.

1924 Reed, C.A. (USA), made celluloid bride and groom dolls

1890-1927 Reich, Goldmann Co. (GER), made celluloid child and baby dolls with a bent limb body

1926 Reinick, W. (GER), made bisque and celluloid head dolls

1873 + Rheinische Gummi und Celluloid Fabrik Co., (GER) - Schildkrot (Schildkroet Puppen) - GER (made heads for other mfg's.too) doll mark a turtle inside a diamond, Tortulon and a  number, Schultzmarke & turtle marking, 1926 trade name Miblu.  Made lots and lots of celluloid dolls and doll heads.

Tortulon marking

1908-1930s Rudolph, Max (GER), made celluloid head dolls, doll mark MRW

1927 Schanzer, Henry Co. (USA), made small celluloid & composition dolls to dress in crocheted or knitted outfits

1926-1930s Scheffler, Karl (GER), made all celluloid child dolls, babies & celluloid head on a cloth body dolls

1901-1935 Shelhorn, Heinrich (GER), made celluloid & porcelain dolls

1853-1930s Schmey, Gustave (GER), exporter of celluloid dolls and others

1898-1930s Schmidt, Bruno (GER) - BSW in a heart + others, bought Bähr & Proschild (1871-1919) in the 1930's, made celluloid dolls + more, best known for Tommy Tucker & Wendy dolls

1890-1937 Schmidt, Franz Co. (GER), made bisque & celluloid heads, doll marks FS, F S & C, F S & Co., S & C

1891-1928 Schmuckler, Heinrich (POL & CHEK), made wood, celluloid and cloth dolls, doll mark symbol of a rabbit with the word HeSli inside.

Cellba marking - mermaid inside a shield

1923-1960s Schoberl & Becker (GER),

Cellba Celluloid Warenfabrik  doll mark a winged mermaid inside a shield

 

1912-1950s Schreyer & Co., (GER) made celluloid dolls, used the doll mark Schuco

1904-1930 Schwerdt Feger & Co. (GER) made felt dolls, some with a celluloid head covering

1869-1930 Sehm, Frau Mathilde (GER) made fairytale dolls, doll house and celluloid baby & character dolls

1918 + Sekiguchi of Japan, made celluloid dolls and toys, doll mark is a three lobed flower.

1899-1950 Societe Francaise de Fabrication de Bebe & Jouets (FRA) - doll mark SFBJ + other

1900-1927 Societe Industrielle de Celluloid (FRA) - doll marks SIDC - Sicoid, Sicoine, Siegfried, S / C & S.I.M.P and a trademark of a winged dragon or wyvern, with initials of N & M (Neumann & Marx their founders).

1927-1939 Societe Nobel Francaise (FRA) - SNF - (formerly called SIDC  see above) doll mark a dragon.

1950-1960s? SONSCO (Japan), made celluloid dolls, some were mechanical walkers, doll mark Made in Japan on bottom of foot.

1898-1930 Standfuss, Karl (GER), made metal head dolls with celluloid coatings, doll marks Juno, Karl Standfuss

1919-1920 Sunny Twin Dolly Co. (USA), made celluloid dolls

1863-1930 Sussfeld & Cie (FRA), exporter & distributor; bisque heads also, celluloid & cloth dolls

1920s-1930's Tissier & Cie (FRA) sold dressed and undressed celluloid dolls

1894-1930s Ungarische Gummiwaren fabrik (HUN) made celluloid and rubber dolls and doll heads

1929-1930 Unger Doll & Toy Co. (USA), made character dolls possibly of celluloid.

USA VCO marking

 

1901 -1930s Viscoloid Company, of Leominster, MA (USA). 1915 they were bought by DuPont, made celluloid dolls, doll mark USA - VCO.  

 

1879-1930s Voight, Friedrich (GER), mfg. and exporter of bisque, celluloid, wood doll heads

1888-1930 Volker, Carl (GER) sold bisque, celluloid dolls & bisque/celluloid heads on composition bodies

1904-1930s VonBerg, Hermann (GER) made bisque & celluloid dolls, doll mark HvB

1904-1930s Wacker, Albert (GER) made celluloid dolls and doll parts

1914 Wallach (Bavaria) made composition head dolls on a cloth body with celluloid arms

1862-1921 Wittzak, Emil (GER) sold celluloid dolls as well as other types, doll mark Sheppard with a staff in a circle with the word trade mark below

1912-1930 Wolff, Gebruder (GER), made celluloid dolls and doll parts

1924-1927 Württembergische Spielwaren Puppen Werkstaten (GER) toy factory & doll shop, made celluloid dolls, doll mark HEIDEKOPF (picture of a man with back sack & walking staff) - SPIELWAREN

1920s Zast, P. R. (Poland) - made celluloid dolls, some with human hair wigs and glass eyes, doll mark ASK in a triangle with Poland beneath.

Celluloid Dolls and Doll Marks 1869-1950s

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