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Celluloid dolls are made from cellulose nitrate, alcohol, fillers &
camphor pigments. Celluloid dolls were made in: Bavaria, England, France,
Japan, Germany, Italy (dolls from Germany were sent to Italy for the
face to be painted), Poland, Spain and the USA.
Early dolls had a celluloid head
& limbs or partial limbs with a cloth stuffed body, this celluloid material
is rather fragile. About 1908
the material improved and the dolls were then made entirely of
celluloid, and were now more durable.
In the 1940's the USA outlawed the use of celluloid for
dolls, as the material can be flammable if exposed to high heat or open
flame. Also, the celluloid material deteriorates when exposed to
moisture.
Here are some manufacturers of celluloid dolls
or doll heads & any markings that we have found:
|
1920-40's American (USA) - Indian head marking |
| 1913-1940's Anel & Fraisse (FRA),
after 1921 Anel & Fils, made celluloid babies, character
dolls & children |
| 1950's +
Anili (Italy) - used a mark of a circle with Anili,
a heart symbol, Italy. |
| 1912-1930
Arcy Toy Mfg. - made
bisque, celluloid & composition dolls |
| 1918-1934
Arnold, J M - made
celluloid & rubber dolls with molded painted hair &
facial features |
|
1913-1965 Averill (USA) - various markings, Sunny Girl &
Boy, celluloid with the turtle marking |
| 1871-1919
Bähr & Pröschild,
(GER) bought by Bruno Schmidt in the 1930's - BSW in a heart + others, |
| 1921-1930's
Bauer & Richter, Inc. (GER) made porcelain & celluloid babies, markings
unknown |
| 1897-1927
Bayerische Celluloid Warenfabrik, (GER) made celluloid child & character dolls,
mark: W |
| 1904-1930's (Von) Berg, Hermann
(GER) made bisque & celluloid dolls, marked: H v B |
| 1902-1927 Best &
Co. (USA), made
dolls of glass, wood metal & celluloid, trade name Snuggles |
| 1888-1930's
Buschow & Beck (GER) - markings;
Minerva w/ a helmet - Doll head w/ metal head |
| 1896-1929
Buschow, Wilhelm, (GER)
factory & mfg., made rubber & celluloid dolls |
| 1906-1930
Canzler, & Hofffman
(GER), Caho trade name, stuffed leather & celluloid dolls |
| 1923-1930's
Cellba Celluloid Warenfabrik, (Schöberl & Becker), (GER) - a mermaid marking |
| 1921-1933
Edelmann, Edmund (GER),
made bisque & celluloid dolls, trade names; Melitta, Mine
& Mona |
| 1887-1930
Erhard, Stephen, also S.
Erhard & Son (ENG), celluloid dolls, mark diamond with S.E.S,
S E & S |
| 1918-1920
Exeloid Co. (USA) made
lightweight celluloid dolls of Pyralin developed by Dupont |
| 1858-1914
Fabricus Toy & Novelty
(USA), jobber, sold celluloid dolls from various mfgs. |
| 1911-1913
Foulds & Freure (USA),
jobber, sold German & Japan celluloid dolls |
| France
company marks unknown: a windmill + FRANCE |
| 1901-1930's
Gans, Otto (GER), made
bisque & celluloid dolls, marking: OG, OGA |
| 1760-present
Hambley Brothers (ENG)
import/exporter of celluloid & other dolls, marked: Fums
Up/ Thumbs Up |
| 1889-1930
Hartmann, Carl (GER)
exported small bisque & celluloid dolls, mark CH,
GlobeBaby |
| 1925-1927
Hermsdorfer (GER) - made
celluloid baby & child dolls, markings: beetle, DADA |
| 1918-1930
Hess, Theodore & Co.,
(GER) made all celluloid jointed dolls |
| 1918-1930
Heumann, Carl (GER) made
celluloid baby w/bottle & suck a thumb dolls |
| 1892-1925
Hoffmeister, Carl, made
celluloid dolls, celluloid heads from Rheinische Gummi (turtle
mark), metal heads from Buschow & Beck (Minerva metal head
mark) |
|
1941-1956 Hollywood (USA)- a star w/ Hollywood across it's marking |
|
1926 + Irwin (USA) - made celluloid dolls, marking: Irwin Made in USA |
|
Japan Co. (unknown) - made celluloid dolls,
marking: 3 leaf clover / Made in Japan, origami
of a bird / Made in Japan, a butterfly /
Made in Occupied Japan, various symbols ie. fleur-de-lis
/Japan Royal , three acorn leaves / Made in Japan
or Japanese character markings / Made in Japan,
K + Nippon (this last one would be by Nippon).
|
|
1885-1932 Kämmer & Reinhardt (GER) - K Star R,
K & R W, mold#'s; 301,700, 701, 717, & 728 |
| 1930 Katagini Brothers (USA), made
celluloid dolls |
|
1805-1938 Kestner, JD (GER) - JDK turtle marking + many more
markings, made celluloid
& bisque dolls |
| 1925 Knickerbocker Dolls & Toys
(USA) made some celluloid dolls + other material type dolls |
| 1902-1926
Kohl & Wengenroth
(GER) made celluloid dolls, marking: K W |
|
1911-1935 König (Köenig) & Wernicke (GER) - K & W,
turtle
marking, made bisque & celluloid dolls |
| 1910-present
Kruse,
Kathë (GER) - Schultz KK mark (1st K is backward), made cloth
dolls 1st, later of celluloid |
| 1921 Langfelder, Homma &
Hayward, (USA) took over for Morimura - importer of bisque,
celluloid dolls from Germany & Japan, as well as a
distributor of composition & rubber dolls in the USA |
| 1894-1938
Liberman, Ernst (GER) made
bisque & celluloid heads on a jointed body, marked: E L I |
| 1927 Lona Art Dolls (GER), used
Rheinische Gummi
celluloid heads on August Schmidt cloth bodies, markings: Lona,
D.R.P., the turtle marking on head |
| 1868-1938
Luthardt, Ernest EG.M
(GER), a factory & exporter of celluloid heads & bodies,
trade mark; Luta 1929 |
|
1917-1928 Maar, E. & Sohn (GER) - EMASO, M, (3) MMM marking |
| 1911-1930's
Maaser, Robert (GER),
made bisque, composition and celluloid heads on a jointed body |
|
1930-1940's Madame Le
Minor Dolls (FRA) - used celluloid heads made by by Petitcolin |
|
1918-1930's Marks Brothers (Boston, USA) - has name in marking,
importers of bisque & celluloid dolls |
| 1894-1921
Meyer, Carl (GER), made
bisque, celluloid character dolls and babies |
| 1915-1928
Möller, August & Sohn
(GER), made replacement bisque & celluloid heads for child
& baby dolls marked: AMUSO |
| 1900-1930's
Muller, Wilhelm G. (GER)
exported celluloid heads made by Schildkröt, marked: W G M |
| 1930-1950's N.A.T.L. (Spain), made
art & souvenir dolls made of celluloid |
| 1919-1968
Palitoy Cascelluloid
(ENG), made composition, celluloid & hard plastic dolls |
|
1910-1919 Parsons-Jackson Co. (Ohio, USA) - made celluloid
dolls, modeled after real babies both white & black,
marking: a stork |
| 1925-1928
Paturel, J. Et Cie (FRA),
made celluloid child & baby dolls both white & black |
| 1772-1927
Payne, W. & Son (ENG)
a department store that imported dolls from France, after WW II
they produced some of their own dolls in celluloid. |
| 1919-1930's
Pensky, Alfred
(Bavaria), factory that made miniature bisque, celluloid &
china dolls, marked: Pehalo/Hannalore |
| 1916-1922
Perls, Charles Mfg. Co.
(ENG), made celluloid & composition dolls |
|
1886-1930's Petitcolin (FRA) - made celluloid doll heads,
Marie-France, marking: an eagle with FRANCE
beneath. |
| 1924 Reed, C.A. (USA), made
celluloid bride & groom dolls |
| 1890-1927
Reich, Goldmann Co. (GER),
made celluloid child & baby dolls with a bent limb body |
| 1926 Reinick, W. (GER), made bisque
& celluloid head dolls |
|
|
1873 + Rheinische Gummi und Celluloid Fabrik Co., (GER)- Schildkröt
(Schildkröet-Puppen) - GER (made heads for other mfg's.too) turtle marking - Tortulon and
a #, Schultzmarke &
turtle
marking, 1926 trade name Miblu. Made lots &
lots of celluloid dolls & heads.
|
 |
|
| 1908-1930's
Rudolph, Max (GER), made
celluloid head dolls, marked: M R |
| 1927 Schanzer, Henry
Co. (USA), made
small celluloid & composition dolls to dress in crocheted or
knitted outfits |
| 1926-1930's
Scheffler, Karl (GER),
made all celluloid child dolls & babies & celluloid head
on a cloth body dolls |
| 1901-1935
Shellhorn, Heinrich (GER),
made celluloid & porcelain dolls |
| 1853-1930's
Schmey, Gustave (GER),
exporter of celluloid dolls and others |
|
1898-1930's Schmidt, Bruno (GER) - BSW in a heart + others,
bought Bähr & Pröschild (1871-1919) in the 1930's.
made celluloid dolls + more, best known for Tommy Tucker &
Wendy dolls |
| 1890-1937 Schmidt, Franz
Co. (GER),
made bisque & celluloid heads, marking: FS, F S & C,
F S & Co., S & C |
|
1891-1928 Schmuckler, Heinrich
(POL & Chek), made wood, celluloid & cloth dolls,
marking: rabbit with the word HeSli inside |
|
1923-1930 Schöberl &
Becker (GER), Cellba Celluloid Warenfabrik -
marking: a mermaid |
|
1912-1950's Schreyer & Co.,
(GER) made celluloid dolls, used the marking Schuco |
|
1904-1930 Schwerdt Feger &
Co. (GER) made felt dolls, some with a celluloid head
covering |
|
1869-1930 Sehm, Frau Mathilde
(GER) made fairytale dolls, doll house and celluloid baby
& character dolls |
|
1899-1950 Société Française De Fabrication De Bebe &
Joets (FRA) - marking: SFBJ + other |
|
1900-1927 Société Industrielle De Celluloid (FRA) -
marking: SIDC - Sicoid, Sîcoïne, Siegfried, S / C &
S.I.M.P and a trademark of a winged dragon or wyvern,
with initials of N & M (Neumann & Marx their
founders). |
| 1927-1939
Société Nobel Française
(FRA) - SNF - (formerly called SIDC see above)
marking: a dragon. |
|
1950-60's? SONSCO, made celluloid dolls, some were
mechanical walkers, marked: Made in Japan on bottom of
foot. |
|
1898-1930 Standfuss, Karl
(GER), made metal head dolls with celluloid coatings, markings;
Juno, Karl Standfuss |
|
1919-1920 Sunny Twin Dolly Co.
(USA), made celluloid dolls |
|
1863-1930 Sussfeld & Cie
(FRA), exporter & distributor; bisque heads also,
celluloid & cloth dolls |
|
ca. 1920's-1930's Tissier &
Cie (FRA) sold dressed & undressed celluloid dolls |
|
1894-1930's Ungarische
Gummiwaren-fabrik (HUN) made celluloid and rubber dolls
and doll heads |
|
1929-1930 Unger Doll & Toy
Co. (USA), made character dolls possibly of celluloid. |
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1901 -1930's Viscoloid Company,
of Leominster, MA (USA). 1915 they were bought by DuPont.,
made celluloid dolls, one of their markings is: USA - VCO.
|
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1879-1930's Voight, Friedrich
(GER), mfg. & exporter of bisque, celluloid, wood doll
heads |
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1888-1930 Volker, Carl
(GER) sold bisque, celluloid dolls & bisque/celluloid
heads on composition bodies |
|
1904-1930's Wacker, Albert
(GER) made celluloid dolls & doll parts |
|
1914 Wallach (Bavaria) made
composition head dolls on a cloth body with celluloid arms |
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1862-1921 Wittzak, Emil
(GER) sold celluloid dolls as well as other types, marking; Sheppard
with a staff in a circle with the word trade mark below |
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1912-1930 Wolff, Gerbrüder
(GER), made celluloid dolls & doll parts |
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1924-1927 Württembergische
Spielwaren Puppen Werkstätten (GER) toy factory &
doll shop, made celluloid dolls, marking: HEIDEKOPF
(picture of a man with back sack & walking staff) - SPIELWAREN |
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1920's Zast, P.R. (Poland) - made celluloid dolls, some with human hair wigs
& glass eyes, marking: ASK in a triangle with Poland
beneath. |
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