Antique, Vintage Celluloid Dolls, Makers & Marks 1869+

Tommy Tucker doll, 17" tall, all celluloid, Rheinische Gummi turtle marking

Celluloid dolls are made from cellulose nitrate, alcohol, fillers and camphor pigments.  Celluloid dolls were made in: Bavaria, England, France, Japan, Germany, Italy (dolls from Germany were sent to Italy for the face to be painted), Poland, Spain and the USA.   Early dolls had a celluloid head and limbs or partial limbs with a cloth stuffed body, this celluloid material is rather fragile.  About 1908 the material improved and the dolls were then made entirely of celluloid and were now more durable.   In the 1940s the USA outlawed the use of celluloid for dolls, as the material can be flammable if exposed to high heat or open flame, however, other countries continued to use the material long after the 1940s.  Also, the celluloid material deteriorates when exposed to moisture.

 

Celluloid Doll Marks Identified

Anili Doll Company celluloid mask face doll mark a circular paper hang tag, on bottom of foot Anili	Averill  Sunny Girl doll and Sunny Boy celluloid doll mark the turtle symbol of Rheinische Gummi	Baby Outfitters dolls mark Bo-Peep American
Bähr & Pröschild celluloid doll mark Buporit, 1930s	Bayerische Celluloidwarenfabrik doll mark W in a circle	Buschow & Beck doll mark Minerva with a helmet symbol.
Wilhelm Buschow doll mark Mein Herzenskind (My Sweetheart)	1906-1951 Canzler & Hoffman doll mark Caho C & H, see next ---->	Canzler & Hoffman name change, 1952-1980s Caco Company doll mark Caco
Robert Carl doll mark Germany RC inside circle	Cellba Celluloid Warenfabrik or Schoberl & Becker doll mark winged mermaid symbol on a shield.	Japan doll marks have been moved to this page

Celluloid Doll Marks - Unidentified, Unknown doll makers

Celluloid Novelty Company 1874-1891 (USA) Newark, NJ celluloid jewelry and other fancy goods mark CNCo. intertwined.

Celluloid Toy Factory 1884 - 1939 Kalisz (POL), Szrajer & Fingerhut or Shaer & Fingergut, founded by Adam Szrajer and father-in-law Jakub Fingerhut, made celluloid dolls and wooden toys, doll mark ASK inside a triangle Poland.

Celluloid Toy Factory (during WW II ca. 1939-1945) Kalisz (POL), successor German Theodor Reinke,  doll mark TR inside a triangle.  Sometime after world war II ended in 1945, the Celluloid Toy Factory of Kalisz was renamed Kaliskie Zaklady Przemyslu Terenowgo at Ul Przbrzezma and used the celluloid doll mark PPMK inside a triangle Poland, a four leaf clover symbol Poland.

Convert & Company 1911-1930+ (FRA), made celluloid dolls, 1930+ Nani & Nano baby dolls, doll mark a windmill symbol France.

Erich Dittmann 1945-1967 (GER), EDI dolls, made small celluloid dolls, ramp walker dolls dressed in Regional costumes, doll mark Edi D.R.G.M, Edi Germany, EDI Puppen.

Dovina Dolls 1960s? Rotterdam, Holland (NETH), made 8-19" tall, regional dressed celluloid, head marked VH, label mark Dovina Rotterdam - Holland.

Stephan Erhard, also S. Erhard & Son 1887-1930 (ENG), made celluloid dolls, doll mark S.E.S, S E & S inside a diamond.

Exeloid Company 1918-1920 (USA), made lightweight celluloid Pyralin novelty dolls in blue, pink or white, doll mark XLCO Made in U.S.A. 

Foulds & Freure 1911-1930+ (USA), jobber, sold imported German and Japan celluloid dolls, doll mark F & F NY INC.

Giocattoli Brevettati Galetti or Galletti 1950s-? (ITALY) - made small celluloid souvenir dolls, doll mark symbol of two standing roosters facing, Made in Italy.

Otto Gans, Gans & Seyfarth 1901-1930s (GER), made bisque and celluloid dolls, doll mark OG, OGA.

Hamley Brothers 1760+ (ENG), import, exporter of celluloid & other dolls, doll mark Buster Brown, Fums Up, Thumbs Up.

Heindrich Handwerck 1876-1932 (GER), was known for their bisque head dolls, but also made some celluloid dolls.

Paul Hausmeister & Company 1909+ (Göppingen, Germany) - is a little known doll maker, they participated in the Leipzig fair with doll heads made of gelatin, bone, composition and celluloid.  Paul Hausmeister registered his doll mark of a Stork bird standing on one foot in 1909.

Hermsdorfer Celluloid Warenfabrik 1925-1927 (GER), made celluloid baby and child dolls, doll mark symbol of a Ladybug, a Marienkäfer, DADA on the wings.

Carl Hoffmeister 1864-1925 (GER), made celluloid dolls with heads from Rheinische Gummi (turtle mark) and metal doll heads from Buschow & Beck with the doll mark Minerva with a helmet symbol.

Hollywood Doll Company 1941-1926 (USA), made small celluloid dolls, later they made the small dolls in hard plastic, doll mark A Hollywood Doll around a star symbol.

Jouets de Strasbourg Joustra Toy Company 1932-1999 (FRA)- made small dressed celluloid dolls, clothing has a cloth label sewn with the name Joustra.

Dr. Paul Hunaeus Celluloidwaren-Fabrik 1864-1930 (GER), made celluloid doll heads and dolls, doll mark PH intertwined, Igodi (by Johannes Gotthilf Dietrich), in 1930 merged with Rheinische Gummi (Schildkröt).

Japan celluloid dolls, doll makers and doll marks page

Jumeau / SFBJ made celluloid dolls marked JUMEAU.

Jacob Jung 1912 (GER) made celluloid dolls, doll mark a standing stork carrying a baby.

Irwin & Company 1926+ (USA), made cloth, composition, celluloid and hard plastic dolls, doll mark Non-Flam circle Irwin Made in USA.

Kammer & Reinhardt 1886-1932 (GER), wax dolls, bisque dolls, cloth dolls, biscaloid (composition material that looks like bisque) and celluloid dolls marked K star R, K & R W, doll molds 301, 406, 700, 701, 717, 728, + others.

Kestner 1805-1938 (GER), made wax dolls, bisque and celluloid dolls marked JDK turtle symbol for Rheinische Gummi und Celluloid Fabrik Co, plus many other doll marks, see the Kestner page.

Knickerbocker Doll & Toy Company 1925+ (USA), made some celluloid dolls, plus dolls of other materials.

J.K. Køge celluloid dolls (Køge, DEN) 1947-1950s,  doll mark J.K. Koge inside a triangle or a sea shell inside a circle.

Kohl & Wengenroth Celluloid & Rubber Doll Factory 1864-1926 (GER) Offenbach made small celluloid & rubber dolls, soldiers, clowns, bathing dolls, novelty items, doll mark KOW on top of arms extended of person standing.

Konig (Köenig) & Wernicke 1911-1935 (GER), made bisque & celluloid dolls, WW 29815 or K & WW 29817 with or without the turtle mark.

Henri Orthon Kratz-Boussac 1892-1910 (FRA), made celluloid dolls, registered in 1906 doll mark L'Aiglon, an Eagle symbol.

Kathe Kruse 1910+ (GER), made cloth dolls first, then celluloid and plastic dolls, doll mark Schultz KK Marke (1st K is backward).

Le Minor Dolls Petitcollin, eagle head with FRANCE

Ernst Liebermann 1894-1938+ (GER), made bisque and celluloid head character dolls and babies on ball jointed bodies, doll mark EL, ELI, doll mold 60.

Ernst EG.M. Luthardt 1868-1938 (GER), Lederpupenfabrik und Export dolls, also dolls made of bisque, China, celluloid, composition heads on leather, cloth or felt and composition bodies.  In 1929 began using the doll mark Luta Germany

Marks Brothers Company 1918-1930s (Boston, MA), importer of celluloid socket or shoulder head dolls, rag dolls, doll mark Marks Brothers.

Aiba Kintoro Marugane dolls 1920s (Tokyo Japan), not much is known of this company, they made celluloid dolls, mark is a symbol of an umbrella (or an arrow pointing up) with the pole as the center in roman numeral III all inside a circle MADE IN NIPPON.

 August Möller & Sohn 1915-1928 (GER), advertised replacement bisque, celluloid and porcelain heads for child and baby dolls with human or mohair wigs, sometime later Möller made entire dolls with a bisque head dolly face or composition dolly face head, on a composition jointed body.  Möller also operated a doll hospital, doll mark AMUSO, doll molds 70, 100, 1006, 1920, doll name Jeannette.

Moll's Doll Company 1950s-1960s (GER), made small Trachten-Puppen (costume dolls) in celluloid, doll mark tag in red and white Moll's a symbol of a girls face Trachten-Puppen.

Wilhelm G. Muller 1900-1930s (GER), exported celluloid heads made by Schildkröt, doll mark WEE GEM, WGM.   Also made and exported bisque head dolls, baby dolls shoulder head or socket head, molded painted hair or wigged.

Adelheid Nogler Innsbruck Doll Company 1937+ (AUSTRIA) made small all celluloid boy or girl dolls dressed in Austria costume, doll mark winged mermaid of Cellba Celluloid Warenfabrik or Schoberl & Becker.

 P & N Doll Company, dates unknown (country unknown), made celluloid black baby dolls, some dolls are wear ethnic or exotic jewelry; earrings and necklace, some dolls wear a grass skirt, doll mark P & N with a dragonfly symbol.

Palitoy Cascelluloid Company 1919-1968 (ENG), made composition, celluloid and hard plastic dolls marked Palitoy.

Parsons-Jackson Company 1910-1919 (Cleveland, Ohio, USA) made dolls of biskoline a celluloid like material, modeled after real babies both white and black dolls, doll mark  KKK, Biskoline and a standing stork symbol.

Petitcollin 1860-present (FRA), made celluloid doll heads, doll mark Téte d'Aigle, an eagle head with FRANCE beneath.

Preh Werke GmbH 1919 to present (GER), 1949+ made celluloid or plastic dolls mark Plasticbaby inside symbol of an angel.

Michael Querzola dolls 1950s-1960s (ITALY) made small celluloid souvenir dolls, doll mark MQ a tree symbol Made in Italy

Offenbacher Cellulid & hard Rubber Factory 1890-1926+ (GER) Offenbacher, made cloth, rubber & celluloid dolls, celluloid doll mark flyning bird symbol.

Les Poupées Raynal 1922-1963 (FRA) - made cloth or felt dolls, some with celluloid faces, that are Lenci look a like dolls, may have a marking on the bottom of the shoes Les Poupées Raynal or a cloth tag; Les Poupées Raynal Marque Depose Made in France.  From 1937 to 1963 used doll mark rhodoid or Raynal or both names, rhodoid is a type of celluloid

Rempel & Breitung Doll Factory 1920-1930+ Sonneberg (GER), sold celluloid dolls and doll heads made by Rheinische Gummi und Celluloid Fabrik Co marked with their turtle symbol mark, Rempel & Breitung also sold bisque socket or shoulder head dolls and other items used by doll hospitals;  bodies, wigs, etc..

Rheinische Gummi und Celluloid Fabrik Company;  Schildkröt Juwel celluloid doll, 12-25" tall, boy dolls or girl dolls have been found, both with deeply molded lightly painted brown hair, blue sleep eyes, real upper eyelashes, closed mouth, jointed body, the 25" size has a voice box, doll mark Juwel 34, Juwel 45, Juwel 64, plus other numbers.

Petrasch Rosenaur 1940s-1950s (Salzburg, Austria) doll mark doll head on top of half world globe Gobaly.

Max Rudolph 1908-1930 (Waltershausen, GER), made doll heads of bisque; doll mold 98, 342, celluloid Miblu heads; doll mold 350 and porzellanit (composition) heads doll mold 399, doll mark MR inside a W 1908.

Louis Sametz 1918-1924 (USA), made celluloid child shoulder head dolls, Kewpies & Bye-Lo babies, doll mark a ntive American Indian head symbol.

Schmider Doll Company 1950s-1960s (GER), made small celluloid Trachten-Puppen,, dolls dressed in traditional costumes, doll mark Schmider hang tag.

August Schmidt, Lona Art Dolls 1927+ (Lieben)  dolls have a celluloid head (Rheinische Gummi) with molded hair, cloth body, 14 & 15 1/5" tall, came with a wrist tag Lona.

Bruno Schmidt 1898-1930+ (GER) - Schutz Marke a heart symbol + a size number, bought Bähr & Pröschild in 1919, made celluloid dolls, papier mache + more, best known for Tommy Tucker & Wendy dolls.

Franz Schmidt Company 1864-1937 (GER), made bisque & celluloid heads, bisque doll marks FS, F S & C, F S & Co., S & C.

Heinrich Schmuckler 1891-1928 (POL & CHEK), made wood, celluloid and cloth dolls, doll mark symbol of a rabbit with the word HeSli inside.

Schoberl & Becker 1923-1960s  (GER), also known as Cellba Celluloid Warenfabrik  celluloid doll mark a winged mermaid inside a shield.

Schreyer & Company 1912-1950s (GER), made cloth character dolls, celluloid dolls, used the doll mark Schuco.

Schwäbische Celluloidwarenfabrik 1913+ (GER) made celluloid products with dolls being made between 1930-1967, doll mark S symbol of a stork with a child on it's back.

SFBJ - Societe Francaise de Fabrication de Bébé & Jouets 1899-1958 (FRA) made celluloid dolls, plus other materials, doll mark SFBJ.

SIDC - Societe Industrielle de Celluloid 1900-1927 (FRA), doll marks Sicoid, Sicoine, Siegfried, SIC, S.I.M.P + a trademark of a winged dragon or wyvern with initials of N & M (Neumann & Marx their founders).

SNF - Societe Nobel Française 1927-1939 (FRA) formerly called SIDC see above, doll mark France SNF inside a diamond.

SONSCO 1950s-1960s? (Japan), made celluloid dolls, mechanical walkers, doll mark Made in Japan on bottom of foot.

Karl Standfuss 1898-1930 (GER), made metal head dolls with celluloid coatings, doll marks Juno.  A trade name was 1913 Cupido doll.

Steha Dolls and Toys ca. 1940s-1960s (West Germany), was formed from the companies Hermann Steiner & Hauser, dolls made of celluloid, composition or hard plastic, doll mark ST, Steha.

Technoplast 1949-2002 (Czechoslovakia) - made celluloid dolls marked Made in Czechoslovakia, Technoplast logo inside a circle, celluloid Horlave or Technoplast logo inside a circle, Vyrobeno Zcelluloid?? Horlave.  They also made plastic & vinyl dolls.

Unger Doll & Toy Co 1929-1930 Milwaukee, WI (USA), made character and comic character dolls made of chalk ware with a cellulose lacquer finish, doll trade mark Cell-U-Pon, doll mark label UNGER DOLL & TOY CO. MILWAUKEE, WIS.

Alfred Vischer 1894-1907 USA - partners with the German Buschow & Beck Co, made Minerva marked metal head dolls, possibly the Minerva marked celluloid heads too, dolls were distributed by Borgfeldt, Louis Wolf & Co. and Sears.

Viscoloid Company 1901-1930s (Leominster, MA USA), in 1915 they were bought by DuPont, made celluloid dolls, doll mark USA VCO.

Friedrich Voigt 1879-1930s (GER), manufacturer and exporter of bisque, celluloid and wood doll heads, doll mark Frivona S 1879 with a sunrise symbol.

Hermann VonBerg 1904-1930s (GER), made bisque, celluloid & composition head baby dolls, doll mark Germany H.v.B 500/K, Habeka.

Albert Wacker 1904-1930s (GER), made celluloid dolls and doll parts, doll mark W inside a circle.

Westo 1950s-1960s? (GER or SWT) made small celluloid tourist dolls, doll mark Westo.

Emil Wittzak 1862-1921 (GER), sold celluloid dolls as well as other types, doll mark King with a staff in a circle with the word trademark below.

Wortschutz celluloid doll factory 1930s ? +, made celluloid dolls mark turtle symbol Schutze Marke Germany D.R.G.M. 447628

P.R. Zast 1920s (Poland), made celluloid Mask Face dolls, cloth body, some with human hair wigs, glass eyes, doll mark on head ASK in a triangle (Adam Szrajer of Kalisz, Poland - owner of Celluloid Toy Factory in Poland), on shoulder P.R. Zast inside a triangle Poland. 

Zwilling-Fox Doll Company 1950s-1960s (GER), made small Trachten-Puppen (costume dolls) in celluloid, doll mark  two terrier dogs playing tug of war Qualitäis Trachten-Puppen hang tag.

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